Combine the flour, baking powder, cinnamon and salt in a medium mixing bowl.
Combine the butter and sugar in a large mixing bowl and cream with an electric hand mixer on medium-high speed until fluffy, about 2 minutes.
With the mixer on medium-low speed, add a third of the flour mixture to the bowl.
Add half of the milk and the vanilla.
Add another third of the flour, followed by the remaining milk and the rest of the flour.
Scrape down the sides of the bowl and beat on medium speed for 30 seconds.
Scrape the batter onto the prepared pan and smooth the top with a rubber spatula.
Pour the topping over the batter (the pan will be very full).
Carefully transfer the pan to the oven and bake until set for 45 to 50 minutes.
Let the cake cool in the pan for 15 minutes.
Invert it (turn it upside down) onto a large rimmed serving platter.
Serve.